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    • 专利摘要:
    Process for the production of components or profiles from at least one solidified plastic mass in an injection molding plant, which has stationary mold components and with respect to these movable mold components. The method comprises the following steps: a) injection of solidifiable plastic mass into a distribution channel (10, 10 ') formed in the movable mold components and from this via connections (9, 9') b1) either in sections into a single mold cavity (8) b2) or one after the other into individual mold cavities (8 '), c) wherein the distributor channel (10, 10') in the region of the gate mark as well as in a forward zone opposite to the direction of movement of the moving mold components on one side of the gate mark and in one in the direction of movement d) wherein in the distribution channel (10, 10 '), a continuous distribution channel mass strand is formed with binding Massesträngen, which under increasing cooling and solidification of the moving mold components located on the other side of the gate and increasing length along with the filled formka e) wherein the distribution channel mass strand together with the attachment mass strands after its solidification and after opening the mold cavity (8) and the mold cavities (8 ') of the component (s) is separated and f) the component or components is or will be ejected.
    公开号:AT519256A4
    申请号:T50215/2017
    申请日:2017-03-20
    公开日:2018-05-15
    发明作者:Ing Gottfried Steiner Dipl
    申请人:Ing Gottfried Steiner Dipl；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    description
    Method and device for producing components or profiles
    The invention relates to a method for producing components or profiles from at least one solidifiable plastic mass in an injection molding system, which has stationary mold components and mold components that can be moved relative to them, the movable mold components containing at least one mold cavity and the stationary mold components having at least one sprue, via which the solidifiable plastic mass is injected into the area between the stationary mold components and the mold cavity (s) in the movable mold components while the movable mold components with the mold cavity (s) are moved away from the gate. The invention further relates to a device for producing components or profiles from at least one solidifiable plastic mass in an injection molding system, which has stationary mold components and mold components which can be moved relative to them and which contain at least one mold cavity, the stationary mold components comprising a heatable flow part and a coolable flow part and have at least one sprue in the area of the leading part and / or the trailing part.
    Such a method and such a device are known for example from EP 2 205 420 B1. This process, known under the name EXJECTION®, is used to produce elongated profiles or strips from a solidifying plastic mass in a mold with a lower and an upper molded part by injecting the plastic mass into a cavity in a profiled mold insert, which is located on a linearly movable slide located. The injected plastic mass is transported with progress and continuous extension of the profile or strip formed and with increasing solidification of the plastic mass by moving the slide out of the mold from the gate. The plastic mass / 50 is injected until the profile or the strip has reached its intended length. The profiled mold insert, together with the upper mold parts or mold inserts having the sprue insert, forms closed cavity sections only at the beginning and at the end of the injection molding process. During the movement of the profiled mold insert, after the first end section of the mold cavity has been filled, the plastic mass remains positioned with a free front section relative to the upper mold part, the mold cavity being filled up further in the mold insert. This known method is therefore a combination of an injection molding process and an extrusion process for the production of elongated plastic finished parts, in particular of thermoplastic plastics. Since the component is formed directly by upper stationary mold inserts during the linear movement of the slide, the production of a qualitatively satisfactory surface in this area requires a particularly careful and delicate adjustment of the parameters of the spraying process. However, these surface areas differ optically from the surface of the component formed in the cavity.
    DE 10 2015 003 206 A1 discloses a method and a device for producing tapes from thermoplastics and continuous fibers using EXJECTION® technology. A nozzle is provided, to which two injection units are assigned, pourable polymer material being conveyed from two pointed units alternately to the nozzle and from the nozzle to the fibers transported by an impregnation device. A matrix is formed from the pourable polymer material, in which the fibers are embedded.
    WO 2016/097012 A1 discloses a method and a device for producing an electrical line with a line core and with an outer jacket surrounding it. In a continuous shaping process, individual jacket sections of the outer jacket are successively formed by surrounding the cable core with a solidifiable plastic mass by means of a mold. The outer sheath is formed in at least one section with a cross-sectional geometry that is variable in the longitudinal direction of the line.
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    EP 2 746 026 A2 is concerned with a method and a device for producing plastic preforms from a thermoplastic, the melted thermoplastic being continuously introduced with pressure into a hot runner of a hot runner mold. A transport device having a plurality of cavities and having a surface which has openings in the cavities is guided over a surface of the hot runner mold, with at least one opening in a cavity always being positioned above the hot runner.
    EP 2 712 721 A1 is concerned with a process for the production of hollow bodies, in particular catheters, this process likewise being based on the EXJECTION® technology.
    The invention has for its object to further develop and improve the method and the device of the type mentioned, in particular in order to express high-quality and with thick-walled components and components with complex geometry - both elongated profiles and individual parts in large numbers to be able to produce a uniform surface quality in a rational, cost-effective manner. The method and the device are also intended to allow a large degree of freedom with regard to the design of the component geometries.
    According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method with the following steps:
    a) injecting solidifiable plastic mass into a distributor channel formed in the movable mold components and from this via connections b1) either in sections into a single mold cavity b2) or successively into individual mold cavities,
    c) the distribution channel in the region of the sprue point and in a lead zone located on one side of the sprue point in the direction opposite to the direction of movement of the moving mold components and in a trailing point zone of at least one stationary part located in the direction of movement of the moved mold components on the other side / 50 of the sprue point, temperature-controlled molded component is also enclosed,
    d) wherein a continuous distributor duct mass strand with connecting mass strands is formed in the distributor duct, which is transported away from the sprue point with increasing cooling, solidification and increasing length together with the filled mold cavities or mold cavity sections,
    e) the distributor duct mass strand, including the connecting mass strands, being separated from the component (s) after it has solidified and after the mold cavity or mold cavities have been opened, and
    f) the component or components is or are ejected.
    The device according to the invention is characterized in that the movable mold components either contain an elongated mold cavity or individual cavities arranged in a row and have a distributor channel designed as a recess, which is connected via connections either to the elongate mold cavity or to the individual cavities, the distributor channel is enclosed in the closed form in the area of the leading part and the trailing part by the leading part and the trailing part.
    By injecting the plasticized mass into a distribution channel, the invention opens up the possibility of filling both individual cavities and cavity sections of elongated cavities via the connections. This means that even components with complex geometries can be trained to a high quality. The cavities enclosed except for the local attachment points of the connections enable the production of components with a uniform, impeccable surface. The method according to the invention therefore has the advantages of the EXJECTION® technology known from the prior art without having its disadvantages.
    In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the method is a discontinuous method in which the movable mold components are moved linearly. A batch process enables the production of / 50
    Components of finite length or of individual components of a number limited by the number of individual mold cavities.
    Particularly advantageous is an embodiment variant of the method according to the invention as a continuous method, in which movable mold components are continuously joined together, filled, the component (s) is or are removed from the mold and the mold components are returned to the gate for refilling. A continuous process is particularly preferred, in which the movable mold components are moved along a closed circle. These variants enable the production of an “endless” profile or the production of a large number of individual components, this number not being limited by the number of mold cavities. A continuous manufacturing process is ended when the profile has reached the desired length or when the desired number of individual components has been reached.
    In order to keep the injected solidifiable plastic mass in the plastic state in the area in which the mold cavity (s) is primarily filled via the connections in the distribution channel, it is advantageous if the molding component enclosing the flow zone or forming the flow zone in the case of thermoplastics as Molding compound heated, cooled with thermosets or elastomers as a molding compound.
    In the trailing zone, directly on the other side of the sprue, it is advantageous if the plastic mass in the distribution channel, the connections and the mold cavity (s) is cooled as a molding compound for thermoplastics to support the solidification process, for thermosets or elastomers is initially heated as a molding compound in order to achieve chemical crosslinking of the compound. The molding component enclosing the distribution channel in the trailing zone is therefore either cooled or heated.
    In the preferred embodiment of the discontinuous process, the solidifiable plastic mass fills sections of an elongated mold cavity or individual mold cavities running in a row, which in at least one / 50th
    Mold insert are formed, which is arranged on a linearly movable carriage.
    In the discontinuous process, after the mold cavity or all the mold cavities have been filled, the movable mold components are stopped, the supply of plastic material is stopped and steps e) and f) from claim 1 follow.
    In the continuous method according to the invention, it is particularly advantageous if the solidifiable plastic mass is filled in sections via the connections with a circular mold cavity or individual mold cavities which follow one another in a circle, the mold cavity or the individual mold cavities being provided within mold inserts, which are Connect directly to one another on the circular outer circumference of a rotary unit following the circular shape.
    The continuous process according to the invention enables a particularly high increase in productivity. In this context, it is particularly advantageous that in step e) the solidified distribution channel mass strand and the solidified connecting mass strands are continuously separated after the mold inserts have emerged from the trailing zone by successively opening the mold inserts. It is also particularly advantageous that, following step e), the mold inserts are opened completely one after the other, either the component formed in the respective cavity is ejected or the component continuously formed in the circular mold cavity is removed in sections, with the mold inserts then being carried out in sequence be closed and re-enter the feed zone one after the other during the continuous rotation of the turntable.
    In a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention, which allows the production of components by a discontinuous process, the device has a linearly movable slide as a movable mold component, which is provided with at least one mold insert which contains the elongated mold cavity or the individual mold cavities the extension of which is formed as a straight depression in the mold insert.
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    The elongated mold cavity in the mold insert can run straight for the production of straight profiles, but it can also be curved in the shape of an arc overall and thus permit the production of slightly curved components.
    In a preferred embodiment of a device according to the invention, which allows continuous production of components, the device has a rotating unit with a circular outer circumference as a movable mold component, on which mold inserts are arranged immediately following one another, which either have a mold cavity or a joint mold mold contain only a circular circumferential mold cavity, the distribution channel running as a circular circumferential depression over all mold inserts.
    Both in the embodiment variant with a slide and in the one with a rotating unit, the leading part and the trailing part have free edge sections with edge surfaces facing the mold insert or mold inserts, which cover the distributor channel tightly when the mold is closed. Thus, in those areas of the form in which the solidifiable plastic mass is injected, it is ensured that the cavity or cavities is or will be filled with solidifiable plastic mass via the distribution channel and the connections, and that the trailing part of the solidifiable plastic mass in the distribution channel as well as in the connections and in the cavity (s), depending on whether the mass is a thermoplastic or an elastomer or duroplastic, either cooling or heating.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the flow part is offset or set lower than the flow part, so that the distributor channel gap is thinner in the area below the flow part than in the area below the flow part. The pressure of the injected mass can be maintained longer in the already filled sections of the mold cavity.
    In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the device has a
    Embossing device with embossing stamps that are local to the distribution channel in the area of / 50
    Connections are retractable. The embossing stamps therefore specifically increase the pressure in the cavity after filling by applying pressure to the mass in the connections. In this way, especially thick-walled areas of the cavity can be optimally filled with solidifiable plastic mass.
    In a further embodiment variant of the invention, the embossing device has embossing dies which can be moved into the cavity or cavities. This measure allows the solidifiable plastic mass, particularly in those areas in which more voluminous elements of the component are formed, to be locally compressed more intensely during cooling, so that the volume shrinkage is correspondingly reduced.
    It is particularly advantageous to actuate the embossing device by means of an embossing bar which is arranged on a stationary form component, the embossing dies being positioned in a movable form component such that they can be brought into their embossing position in succession when this form component is moved.
    In a further advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, a flow braking device is provided with a stationary actuating bar arranged on a stationary molded component and with slides mounted in a movable molded component, which are moved one after the other out of the distribution channel in the area of the flow part as soon as a section of the distribution channel Nozzle has passed in the direction of the trailing part. As a result, the mass in the cavity is better supplied with pressure after the respective section of the distribution channel has passed under the nozzle.
    In particular in the case of a device according to the invention with a rotating unit, that is to say when carrying out the continuous process, it is advantageous if two injection units are used to ensure a constant supply of the distribution channel and the cavities with solidifiable mass. A correspondingly designed device therefore has two injection units and a channel block with two nozzles that can be supplied by the injection units with solidifiable plastic mass, with a channel running from each nozzle into the center of the respective channel block. Here, in one embodiment / 50 of the invention, one of the two channels can alternately be connected via a changeover valve to a further channel which runs to the gate in the area of the leading and trailing parts. In an alternative embodiment, in the center of the channel block, the two channels can be connected simultaneously or alternately with a further channel, which runs to the gate in the area of the leading and trailing part, via needle valve nozzles. Above all, this embodiment variant allows a constant pressure of the solidifiable plastic mass to be ensured by corresponding actuation of the needle valve nozzles when changing the injection units.
    Another advantageous embodiment variant of the invention allows the production of components from two different solidifiable plastic masses in a two-component process. In this device, two nozzles are provided, both of which are positioned in the flow part or are part of a unit of the injection molding machine, each nozzle being able to be supplied with a suitably composed, solidifiable plastic mass.
    Further features, advantages and details of the invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, which schematically shows several exemplary embodiments.
    Show
    1a to 1c views an embodiment of a device according to the invention in different process stages,
    1d is a cross-sectional view in the region of a nozzle,
    2 shows a second embodiment of the device according to the invention in a representation analogous to FIG. 1c,
    Fig. 3 shows a third embodiment in the device according to the invention in a to Fig.
    1c analog representation, / 50
    4a to 4c, a fourth embodiment in representations analogous to FIGS. 1a to 1c,
    5, 5a and 5b views of an embodiment of an embossing device,
    6, 6a and 6b views of a further embodiment of an embossing device,
    7 shows a view of a further embodiment variant of a device according to the invention in a cross-sectional illustration,
    7a is a sectional view along the line VIIa-VIIa of FIG. 7,
    8, 9, 10 and 11 are sectional views of designs with two injection units,
    12 shows a view of a further embodiment variant of a device according to the invention with two nozzles in a representation analogous to FIG. 1c,
    FIG. 13 shows a view of a further embodiment variant of a device according to the invention in a representation analogous to FIG. 1b and
    13a to 13c are views of an embodiment variant of a flow brake device.
    In all figures, only those components are shown of an injection molding machine that are directly or indirectly involved in the shaping of the components to be manufactured. Position designations in the following description as above, below, left, right and the like refer to the representations in the figures.
    The embodiment variants of the invention shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, 2, 3, 4a to 4c, FIGS. 12 and 13 are variants for producing one or more components in a discontinuous process. In these variants of the invention, two molded parts are provided which can be moved away from one another and towards one another for opening and closing. One upper mold part includes a mold insert 1 fastened to this, not shown in FIG. 50, through which extends a nozzle 2, which leads away from an injection unit 5, which is only indicated in the figures, with a nozzle hole 2 a, through which, during operation of the injection molding machine, plasticized mass underneath Pressure escapes. In the mold insert 1, a leading part 3 forming a leading zone and a trailing part 4 forming a trailing zone are used, the nozzle 2 being positioned between the leading part 3 and the trailing part in the embodiment variants shown in the figures. Both the leading part 3 and the trailing part 4 are in particular made of several parts and are provided in a manner known per se with channels for the passage of a temperature control medium. In the flow part 3 there are also heating elements 13 for maintaining the injected mass in the melt state if it is a thermoplastic mass. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the nozzle extends through the leading part, the trailing part directly adjoins the nozzle.
    On the second lower molded part, an elongated carriage 6 is arranged so as to be linearly displaceable in the direction of arrow P1 in the figures and in the direction of its longitudinal extent. In the longitudinal extension of the slide 6, a mold insert 7 is positioned in it, which in the embodiment variants shown in FIGS. 1a to 1c, 3, 4a to 4c and 12 has a single, elongated mold cavity 8, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 a plurality of consecutive mold cavities 8 'arranged in series. The mold cavity 8 is designed, for example, in such a way that an elongate component, for example a strip or a profile, is produced in it. The mold cavities 8 'are intended, for example, to produce a large number of identical individual parts. The mold cavity 8 is connected in particular at regular intervals via connections 9 to a distributor channel 10 on the top of the mold insert 7, each mold cavity 8 'is in particular connected to a distributor channel 10 with one connection 9 each - a connecting channel. The distribution channel 10 is a recess in the mold insert 7 which extends essentially over the longitudinal extension of the mold cavity 8 or over the extension of the row of mold cavities 8 '. In the embodiments shown, the distribution channel 10 has narrowed or shallow sections 10a between the connections 9 the mouth regions of the connections 9 recessed sections 10b. In all sections 10a, 10b, the distribution channel 10 preferably has a width which is constant over / 50 its longitudinal extent, which is adapted to the flowability of the solidifiable plastic mass and the respective geometry of the mold cavity 8 or the mold cavities 8 'and of the order of magnitude of a few Is millimeters. In the embodiment shown, the nozzle hole 2a of the nozzle 2 has a diameter that is less than the width of the distributor channel 10.
    As the sectional illustration in FIG. 1d shows, the mold insert 7 has a plurality, for example two jaws 7a, which, in the case of a plurality of cavities 8 ′, which surround the connections 9 and the distribution channel 10, can be clamped against one another and for opening the cavity 8 or cavities 8 'are movable away from each other. Above the distributor channel 10, the jaws 7a form a V-shaped recess in cross section in the embodiment shown, in which, in the closed position, the shape is cross-sectionally opposite, and therefore preferably V-shaped, designed lower edge sections 3a, 4a of the linearly extending in the longitudinal direction of the slide Intervention lead part 3 and the trailing part 4. Narrow edge surfaces 3b, 4b on the edge sections 3a, 4a of the leading part 3 and the trailing part 4 close the distributor channel 10 from above in those areas where the leading part 3 and the trailing part 4 are each during the injection process of the solidifiable plastic mass and the linear movement of the slide 6 are located.
    The manufactured component or components are removed from the mold with the jaws 7a open by means of a number of ejectors 12. In an embodiment with a number of mold cavities 8 ', at least one ejector 12 is provided for each mold cavity 8'.
    For the linear movement of the carriage 6 in the direction of the arrow P1, at least one drive, not shown, in particular a linear drive, is provided, which is actuated in a known manner, for example electrically, mechanically, pneumatically or hydraulically.
    Fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which a component is produced, which is slightly curved overall. In the mold insert 7 by a corresponding
    Embodiment of the jaws provided a total curved cavity 8 with connections 9/50 corresponding to varying lengths. Otherwise this corresponds
    Execution of those according to Figures 1a to 1c.
    The embodiment shown in FIGS. 4a to 4c largely corresponds to that according to FIGS. 1a to 1c, but has, as a special feature, a flow part 3 that is offset or set lower than the flow part 4, so that the distribution channel gap in the area below the flow part 3 is thinner than in the area below the trailing part 4. The pressure of the injected mass can thus be maintained longer in already filled sections of the mold cavity 8 than in the other design variants.
    The basic functioning of the devices according to the invention according to FIGS. 1a to 1c, 2, 3, 4a to 4c and FIG. 12 and the basic sequence of the discontinuous process will now be described with reference to FIGS. 1a to 1c and FIGS. 4a to 4c.
    The mold is closed, the closing force is applied, the slide 6 is moved into its starting position. At the beginning of the spraying process, FIGS. 1a and 4a, the slide 6 is therefore together with the mold insert 7 in its starting position, in which the nozzle 2 is at the front end, here the right end, the mold cavity 8 and therefore also at the front End of the distribution channel 10 is located. Now, solidifiable plastic mass is injected via the nozzle 2 under high pressure and the carriage 6 is set in motion, the front end section of the mold cavity 8 being initially filled via the distributor channel 10 and the first connection 9. The solidifiable plastic mass, which penetrates somewhat within the distribution channel 10 below the flow part 3, forms a free mass front below the flow part 3, FIGS. 1b and 4b, which is essentially retained even during the movement of the slide 6 in the direction of the arrow P1 , During the movement of the carriage 6, the mold cavity 8 is filled in succession with the solidifiable plastic mass via the connections 9. The distribution channel 10 therefore ensures that the mold cavity 8 is successively filled with solidifiable plastic mass and for a corresponding holding pressure phase. The thin-walled sections 10a act as "flow brakes", increase the pressure, so that the solidifiable plastic mass / 50 reaches the connections 9 under appropriate pressure. In the case of thermoplastic materials, the after-run part 4, which is supplied with coolant, cools both the mass strands in the distribution channel 10 and in the connections 9; in the case of masses made of elastomers or thermosets, the after-run part is heated in order to achieve chemical crosslinking of the plastic. When the carriage 6 moves forward, the distributor channel 10 emerges from the trailing part 4, the mass strands located in the distributor channel 10 and in the connections 9 solidify. As soon as the mold cavity 8 is completely filled (FIG. 1c, FIG. 4c) or the individual cavities 8 '(FIG. 2) are filled with material, the slide 6 is stopped. A certain amount of pressure is applied and then the supply of plastic mass is also stopped. After a cooling phase, the mold is opened, the mold insert 7 is opened by moving the jaws 7a apart. The distributor duct mass strand together with the connecting strands is now removed before or after ejection of the component or components formed by severing.
    FIG. 5, together with the sectional representations in FIGS. 5a and 5b, illustrates the functioning of an embossing device 14, which acts locally on the solidifiable plastic mass in the distributor channel 10 in the area of the connections 9. 5a is a section along the line Va-Va of FIG. 5, FIG. 5b is a section along the line Vb-Vb of FIG. 5. For the sake of clarity, the component 24a to be formed from the plastic mass, the distributor channel, is shown - Ground strand 25a and some connecting ground strands 25b. The embossing device 14 has an embossing bar 14a which is positioned stationary, for example on the mold insert 1. The embossing device 14 also has one of the number of embossing dies 15, corresponding to the number of connections 9. The embossing dies 15 are positioned in the carriage 6 in a manner not shown in such a way that when the carriage 6 moves, they are moved from the embossing bar 14a one after the other into their embossing position as soon as a cavity - in the case of individual cavities - or a cavity section is filled with plastic mass. The mutual spacing of the stamping dies 15 is matched to the mutual spacing of the connections 9. The sectional view in FIG. 5a shows the position of an embossing stamp 15 in its unactuated position with a connecting mass strand 25b. 5b shows the position of an embossing stamp 15 in its embossing position, the embossing stamp 15 has been inserted / 50 into the plastic mass in the distribution channel 10 and ensures an increase in the pressure in the cavity 8 after filling, in particular in order to optimally fill thick-walled areas ensure the cavity 8.
    Components of a further embodiment variant of an embossing device 14 'and its mode of operation are shown in FIGS. 6, 6a and 6b. Fig. 6a is a section along the line Via - Via of Fig. 6, Fig. 6b a section along the line VIb - VIb of Fig. 6. The arrangement of the embossing strips, not shown here, is carried out analogously to the embodiment already described, namely stationary. In this embodiment, the stamping dies 15 'are in particular pre-positioned within the mold insert 7 or one of the jaws 7a forming the mold insert 7, for example horizontally oriented. In the embodiment shown, for example, a component 24 'is produced, which is composed of regularly bulky block-like elements 24'a. Each stamping die 15 'is assigned to that area of the mold cavity 8 which in each case forms one of the more voluminous, block-like elements 24'a of the component 24'. FIG. 6a shows the position of an embossing stamp 15 'before embossing, FIG. 6b during embossing. The embossing stamp 15 'is pressed into the mass in the more voluminous, block-like element 24'a. The more voluminous elements of the component have a larger volume shrinkage than the thin-walled, rod-shaped sections, since they cool more slowly, a pressure supply of the more voluminous component elements via the thin-walled, rod-shaped sections would only be possible for a very limited time. The embossing stamps 15 ″ ensure that the mass in the more voluminous elements is compressed more locally when it cools down, so that the volume shrinkage is reduced accordingly.
    The embodiment variant of the invention shown in FIGS. 7 and 7a is a variant for producing one or more components in a continuous process. FIGS. 7 and 7a illustrate an embodiment of the device according to the invention with a mold with a rotating unit, FIG. 7a showing a sectional view along the line VIIa-VIIa of FIG. 7. The rotating unit has a carrier 16 which can be set into a continuous rotary movement by means of a drive unit (not shown) and is provided with a circular outer circumference, on the outer circumference of which a plurality of mold inserts 17 are arranged directly adjacent to one another, so that all mold inserts 17 form a mold insert circle. When all the mold inserts 17 are closed, the support 16 runs in a circular manner over all the mold inserts 17/50. A distribution channel 10 runs around a part of the device that is stationary with respect to the rotating unit, for example a channel block of the mold, not shown, in the upper region of the support 16 or the leading unit also stationary a leading part 3 'and a trailing part 4'. Analogous to the embodiments already described, a nozzle 2 leading away from an injection unit 5 with the nozzle hole 2a is preferably located between the leading part 3 'and the trailing part 4'. The leading part 3 'and the trailing part 4' have lower edge sections 3'a, 4'a, which are formed in a circular arc shape and are concentric to the distribution channel 10 ', the edge surfaces 3'b, 4'b of which, analogous to the previously described embodiments, with a closed shape together with the distribution channel 10 'form an enclosed leading and trailing zone. As FIG. 7a shows, the mold inserts 17 also have jaws 17a which, in this embodiment, are designed according to the circumference of the rotating unit in order, when all the mold inserts 17 are closed, to jointly form the circular distributor channel 10 'formed as a depression. In the mutually braced position, the jaws 17a of each mold insert 17 each contain at least one separate mold cavity 8 ″ and at least one connection 9 ″ designed as a channel, which opens into the depression formed between the jaws 17a and forming a section of the distribution channel 10 ″.
    7a shows the rotating unit in the area of the nozzle 2, the exemplary V-shaped edge section 3'a of the feed part 3 and the distributor channel 10 'formed between the two jaws 17a being shown.
    To operate the device, the rotary unit is set in a continuous and constant rotary motion via the drive. Analogous to the previously described embodiments, when injecting solidifiable plastic mass in the flow zone below the flow part 3 'in the distribution channel 10', a free mass front is formed while the individual cavities 8 'are filled in succession via the distribution channel 10' and the connections 9 '. The filled cavities 8 'are moved away from the nozzle 2 in the direction of rotation (arrow P2), with each mold insert 17 the advancing zone below the cooled (in the case of thermoplastics) or / 50 heated (in the case of elastomers or thermosets) the after-run part 4' as the distance from the gate increases. passes. The plastic mass in the distribution channel 10 ″, in the connections 9 ″ and in the respective cavity 8 ″ begins to cool down. Finally, each mold insert 17 emerges from the trailing part 4 'and the plastic mass cools down further and solidifies. In particular, after about a quarter to half of the circumference of the rotating unit, each mold insert 17 is opened automatically, so that the mass strand in the distribution channel 10 together with the connecting strands can be separated. This process also takes place continuously from mold insert 17 to mold insert 17. The mold inserts 17 are then automatically opened completely one after the other, the component formed in the cavity 8 'is automatically ejected. 7 shows an example of a directly ejected component 24 ''. Subsequently, the mold inserts 17 are automatically closed again one after the other and, during the continuous rotary movement of the rotating unit, successively return to the lead zone below the lead part 3 'and are filled with plastic mass one after the other.
    In an alternative variant, not shown separately, with a rotating unit, all the mold inserts form a coherent circular mold cavity, so that an “endless” profile, in particular a deformable, windable profile, can also be produced with a varying cross-sectional design.
    In a further alternative variant, which is not shown separately, for producing one or more components in a continuous process, individual mold inserts are continuously, for example linearly, directly joined to one another in a transport device, filled, as described, the component (s) removed, the mold inserts closed again and closed Gated point returned.
    If the mold inserts are exchanged for mold inserts having differently shaped mold cavities after the components have been ejected and the components are reinserted one after the other into these mold inserts, for example a second mass component can be molded on via a second nozzle. Alternatively, a second rotating unit with corresponding mold inserts can be provided.
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    Analogous to the embodiment according to FIGS. 4a to 4c, the embodiment with a
    Rotary unit, a separate lead part 3 'may be provided.
    The rotating unit is set in rotation by an electric motor with or without a gear, which is controlled via the control of the injection molding machine or separately.
    While the solidifiable plastic mass is continuously injected, filled cavities and the distribution channel mass strand are moved away from the nozzle by the rotary movement of the rotating unit. Although these phases take place spatially one after the other, they occur simultaneously in time. This results in a significant increase in productivity compared to a classic injection molding process.
    8 to 11 show design variants of a continuous supply of a rotating unit with solidifiable plastic mass. All of these figures show nozzles 2 ', 2' 'leading away from horizontally arranged injection units. The nozzles 2,
    2 '' are positioned in a channel block 18, which is designed in several parts in accordance with the arrangement and guidance of channels 19, 20, 21. A channel 19, 20 leads from each nozzle 2 ′, 2 ″ to the center of the respective channel block 18. Here, a connection or a transition of these two channels 19, 20 into the channel 21 takes place, which leads into the nozzle 2 in the area of the flow - And trailing part 3 ', 4' opens.
    In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, sections of the channels 19, 20 form, together with the channel 21, a T-crossing, at which a changeover valve 22 indicated in this figure ensures that the channel 21 from the injection unit 5 ′ and from the injection unit 5 alternate '' is supplied with melt. The reversing valve 22 is controlled accordingly, for example, via pressure differences in the injection units 5 ', 5' '. In the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 9, a switchover valve 22 'is provided, which is coupled to a piston rod and a piston, so that the switchover valve 22' can be actuated hydraulically or pneumatically. Alternatively, actuation by means of an electric drive can also be provided. In this embodiment, the switchover or
    / 50
    Release of the channels 19, 20 via a controller that takes into account the screw path in the units 5 ″, 5 ″ ’. In the embodiment variant shown in FIG. 10, the mass flow to the channel 21 is regulated via needle shut-off nozzles 23. In this embodiment, the mass from both channels 19, 20 can also be supplied to the channel 21. This measure is particularly advantageous because in this way the pressure when changing between the injection units 5 ″, 5 ″ ″ can be kept constant at all times. FIG. 11 shows an embodiment which corresponds in function to that according to FIG. 8, the two nozzles 2 ′, 2 ″ being arranged at right angles to one another, the two channels 19, 20 running in an L-shape to one another and the channel 21 branches off from one of these L sections. A T-junction is therefore formed again at the changeover valve 22 '.
    In the variants shown in FIGS. 8 to 11, the channel block 18 is preferably a component of the mold and not a component of the injection molding machine. However, it is also possible to provide the channel block with switchover unit as an independent assembly which is built up on a fixed clamping sheet of the injection molding machine before the mold. This has the advantage that the same switching unit of the channel block can be used for several forms.
    FIG. 12 shows, in an embodiment and representation analogous to FIG. 1c, an embodiment variant of the invention in which components can be produced from two different solidifiable plastic masses in a two-component process. Two nozzles 2 are provided, both of which are positioned in the flow part 3. Otherwise, this embodiment corresponds to that shown in FIG. 1c. Through the two nozzles 2, two differently composed plastic masses can thus be introduced into the cavity 8 via the distribution channel 10, the masses being able to be injected either simultaneously or alternately. If the plastic masses are injected at the same time, a component is created with an outer and an inner layer made of different materials. If the nozzles are arranged next to one another, which is not shown here, a component can be formed which should have a longitudinal section made of a harder material and a longitudinal section parallel to it made of a soft material. If the plastic masses are injected one after the other, a / 50 is created, for example
    Component with different color or stiffness of the material in individual longitudinal sections. For example, a harder component is first injected at the beginning of a component, a soft, compliant component in the middle, and then a hard, rigid component again. The result is a component with high flexibility in the middle range. A targeted interruption of the mass flow can take place in each case by means of needle shut-off nozzles 23 ′, which are only indicated in FIG. 12.
    In a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, the two nozzles are accommodated in a separate unit belonging to the injection molding machine; in the form there is only one nozzle, which is accordingly alternately supplied with the two different plastic masses.
    FIG. 13 shows, together with FIGS. 13a to 13c, a device 26 with slides 27 acting as flow brakes. The device 26 has a stationary actuating strip 26a with an actuating or control curve 26b, which is a little in the direction to the side of the nozzle hole 2a the trailing zone, has a slope 26c. The position of the nozzle hole is indicated in Fig. 13a with a broken line. The carriage 6 is equipped with the slides 27 in the region of the distribution channel 10. This slide 27 is actuated by means of a control device as soon as the relevant section of the distribution channel 10 has passed the nozzle 2a in the direction of the aftertreatment zone. As a result, the flow cross-section in the distribution channel 10 increases in the trailing zone and enables better pressure transmission into the sections of the cavity 8 which are already filled with plastic mass. The slides 27 therefore act as a flow brake in the distribution channel 10. The components 24a and the distribution channel ground strand 25a shown. 13b shows a slide 27 in its actuated position, FIG. 13c shows a slide 27 in its unactuated position.
    With all design variants, the distribution channel ground strands, including the connecting ground strands, can be separated and the respective component can be ejected when the solidification process has progressed to such an extent that these parts are dimensionally stable.
    / 50
    Any plastic materials that can be processed, namely thermoplastics, thermosets and elastomers, are suitable as solidifiable plastic materials in the process according to the invention. Depending on the type of plastic mass, the nozzles are hot runner or cold runner nozzles.
    In principle, it is possible to carry out the method in such a way and to design the device in such a way that the mold cavity (s) are provided on stationary mold components and are injected with at least one moving injection unit via movable mold components.
    / 50
    References list
    1 ....................... mold insert
    2, 2 ', 2' '........... nozzle
    2a ..................... nozzle hole
    3, 3 ’.................. preliminary part
    4, 4 ‘.................. run-on part
    3a, 4a, 3'a, 4'a. edge section
    3b, 4b, 3'b, 4'b edge areas
    5, 5 ', 5' '........... injection unit
    .......................Carriage
    ....................... Mold insert
    a baking .....................
    8, 8 ‘.................. mold cavity
    9, 9 '.................. connections
    10, 10 '.............. distribution channel
    10a, 10b ........... section
    ..................... ejector
    ..................... heater
    14, 14 ‘.............. embossing device
    14a ................... embossing bar
    15, 15 ‘.............. embossing stamp
    .....................Carrier
    ..................... mold insert
    17a ................... jaws
    ..................... Channel block / 50
    19, 20, 21 ......... channels
    22, 22 '.............. changeover valve
    23, 23 '.............. needle valve nozzle
    24, 24 ', 24' '..... component
    24'a .................. block-like element
    24 '' .................. component
    25a ................... plenum mass strand
    25b ................... connection mass strand
    ..................... flow braking device
    26a ................... actuator strip
    26b ................... cam
    26c slope ...................
    ..................... slide / 50
    权利要求:
    Claims (24)
    [1]
    claims
    1. A method for producing components or profiles from at least one solidifiable plastic mass in an injection molding plant which has stationary mold components and mold components which can be moved relative to them, the movable mold components containing at least one mold cavity (8, 8 ') and the stationary mold components at least one sprue point over which the solidifiable plastic mass is injected into the area between the stationary mold components and the mold cavity (s) (8, 8 ') in the movable mold components while the movable mold components with the mold cavity (s) (8, 8') from be moved away from the gate, characterized by the following steps:
    a) Injecting solidifiable plastic mass into a distributor channel (10, 10 ') formed in the movable mold components and from this via connections (9, 9') b1) either in sections into a single mold cavity (8) b2) or successively into individual mold cavities (8th'),
    c) wherein the distribution channel (10, 10 ') in the area of the sprue and in a forward zone located on one side of the sprue opposite to the direction of movement of the moving mold components and in a trailing zone located on the other side of the sprue in the direction of movement of the moved mold components at least one stationary, temperature-controlled molded component is enclosed,
    25/50
    d) wherein a continuous distributor duct mass strand with connecting mass strands is formed in the distributor duct (10, 10 '), which, together with the filled mold cavities (8') or mold cavity sections (8), transports away from the sprue point with increasing cooling, solidification and increasing length becomes,
    e) the distributor duct mass strand including the connecting mass strands being separated from the component (s) after it has solidified and after opening the mold cavity (8) or the mold cavities (8 ') and
    f) the component or components are ejected.
    [2]
    2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a discontinuous method in which the movable mold components are moved linearly.
    [3]
    3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a continuous process in which movable mold components are continuously joined together, are filled, the component (s) is / are removed and the mold components are returned to the sprue for refilling.
    [4]
    4. The method according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that it is a continuous process in which the movable mold components are moved along a closed circle.
    [5]
    5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the molding component including the distribution channel (10, 10 ') in the flow zone is heated or cooled.
    [6]
    6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the molding component including the distribution channel (10, 10 ') in the trailing zone is cooled or heated.
    26/50
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 1, 2, 5 or 6, characterized in that the solidifiable plastic mass fills an elongated mold cavity (8) or individual mold cavities (8 ') extending in a row in sections via the connections (9), which are formed in at least one mold insert (7) which is arranged on a linearly movable slide (6).
    [8]
    8. The method according to any one of claims 1, 2 or 5 to 7, characterized in that after filling the mold cavity (8) or all mold cavities (8 '), the movable mold components are stopped, the supply of solidifiable plastic mass is stopped and the Follow steps e) and f).
    [9]
    9. The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that the solidifiable plastic mass in sections over the connections (9 ') fills a circular circumferential mold cavity (8) or successive individual mold cavities (8') along a circle , wherein the mold cavity (8) or the individual mold cavities (8 ') is or are provided within mold inserts (17) which directly adjoin one another on the circular outer circumference of a rotary unit following the circular shape.
    [10]
    10. The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4, 5, 6 or 9, characterized in that in step e) the solidified distribution channel mass strand and the solidified connecting mass strands after the mold inserts (17) have emerged from the trailing zone successively opening the mold inserts (17) are continuously separated.
    [11]
    11. The method according to any one of claims 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9 or 10, characterized in that following step e), the mold inserts (17) are opened completely one after the other, either in the respective cavity (8 ') The component formed is ejected or the component continuously formed in the circular mold cavity (8) is removed in sections, the mold inserts (17) then being closed in sequence and during the
    27/50 continuous rotation of the turntable one after the other in the
    Enter the lead zone.
    [12]
    12.Device for producing components or profiles from at least one solidifiable plastic mass in an injection molding system, which has stationary mold components and mold components which can be moved relative to them and which contain at least one mold cavity (8, 8 '), the stationary mold components having a heatable flow part (3 , 3 ') and a coolable trailing part (4, 4') and at least one sprue in the area of the leading part (3, 3 ') and / or the trailing part (4, 4'), characterized in that the movable mold components are either elongated Contain mold cavity (8) or individual cavities (8 ') arranged in a row and have a distribution channel (10, 10') designed as a recess, which via connections (9, 9 ') either with the elongated mold cavity (8) or with the individual cavities (8 ') is connected, the distribution channel (10, 10') being closed Form in the area of the leading part (3, 3 ') and the trailing part (4, 4') is enclosed by the leading part (3, 3 ') and the trailing part (4, 4').
    [13]
    13. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the movable mold components have a linearly movable carriage (6) which is provided with at least one mold insert (7) which contains the elongated mold cavity (8) or the individual mold cavities (8 ') , over the extension of which the distributor channel (10) is designed as a depression which runs straight in the mold insert (7).
    [14]
    14. The apparatus according to claim 13, characterized in that the elongated mold cavity (8) is essentially straight or curved in a curved manner.
    28/50
    [15]
    15. The apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the movable mold components have a rotary unit with a circular outer circumference, on which the circular shape immediately adjacent mold inserts (17) are arranged, which either each have at least one mold cavity (8 ') or together contain only one circular mold cavity (8), the distribution channel (10 ') running as a circular recess over all mold inserts (17).
    [16]
    16. Device according to one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that the leading part (3, 3 ') and the trailing part (4, 4') facing the mold insert / mold inserts (7, 17) free edge portions (3a, 4a, 3'a, 4'a) with edge surfaces (3b, 4b, 3'b, 4'b), which cover the distribution channel (10, 10 ') in a closed form.
    [17]
    17. Device according to one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that the flow part (3, 3 ') is offset or set lower than the flow part (4, 4'), so that the distributor channel gap in the area below the flow part (3, 3 ') is thinner than in the area below the trailing part (4, 4').
    [18]
    18. Device according to one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that it has an embossing device (14) with embossing dies (15) which can be moved locally into the distributor channel (10) in the region of the connections (9).
    [19]
    19. Device according to one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that it has an embossing device (14 ') with embossing dies (15' ') which can be moved into the cavity (s).
    [20]
    20. The apparatus according to claim 18 or 19, characterized in that the embossing device (14, 14 ') has an embossing bar (14a) which is arranged on a stationary mold component, the embossing stamp (15, 15') in a movable mold component such are positioned so that they can be brought into their embossing position one after the other during the movement of this molding component.
    29/50
    [21]
    21. Device according to one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that it has a flow braking device (26) with a stationary actuating bar (26a) arranged on a stationary molded component and with slides (27) mounted in a movable molded component, which slide out in succession the distribution channel (10) in the area of the flow part (3) as soon as a section of the distribution channel (10) has passed the nozzle (2a) in the direction of the flow part (4).
    [22]
    22. The device according to one of claims 12 to 21, characterized in that it has two injection units (5 ', 5' ') and a channel block (18) with two of the injection units (5', 5 '') which can be supplied with a solidifiable plastic mass Has nozzles (2 ', 2' '), a channel (19, 20) running from each nozzle (2', 2 '') into the center of the respective channel block (18), with a changeover valve (22, 22 ') alternately one of the two channels (19, 20) can be connected to a further channel (21) which runs to the gate in the area of the leading and trailing part (3 ', 4').
    [23]
    23. Device according to one of claims 12 to 21, characterized in that it has two injection units (5 ', 5' ') and a channel block (18) with two of the injection units (5', 5 '') which can be supplied with a solidifiable plastic mass Has nozzles (2 ', 2' '), a channel (19, 20) running from each nozzle (2', 2 '') into the center of the respective channel block (18), the two channels (23) 19, 20) can be connected simultaneously or alternately to a further channel (21), which runs to the gate in the area of the leading and trailing part (3 ', 4').
    [24]
    24. Device according to one of claims 12 to 23, characterized in that two nozzles (2) are provided, which are either both positioned in the feed part (3) or are part of a unit of the injection molding machine.
    30/50
    1.20
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    CN110603127B|2021-10-29|
    US20200094460A1|2020-03-26|
    EP3600821A1|2020-02-05|
    BR112019019621A2|2020-04-22|
    WO2018172128A1|2018-09-27|
    KR20190125490A|2019-11-06|
    MX2019011067A|2020-01-14|
    CN110603127A|2019-12-20|
    JP2020511341A|2020-04-16|
    EP3600821B1|2021-09-01|
    AT519256B1|2018-05-15|
    CA3056973A1|2018-09-27|
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ATA50215/2017A|AT519256B1|2017-03-20|2017-03-20|Method and device for the production of components or profiles|ATA50215/2017A| AT519256B1|2017-03-20|2017-03-20|Method and device for the production of components or profiles|
    EP18711295.8A| EP3600821B1|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and device for producing components or profiles|
    CA3056973A| CA3056973A1|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and device for producing components or profiles|
    KR1020197030699A| KR20190125490A|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and apparatus for creating components or profiles|
    PCT/EP2018/056137| WO2018172128A1|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and device for producing components or profiles|
    CN201880023561.XA| CN110603127B|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and device for producing a component or profile|
    MX2019011067A| MX2019011067A|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and device for producing components or profiles.|
    BR112019019621A| BR112019019621A2|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|method and device for producing components or profiles|
    US16/494,716| US20200094460A1|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and device for producing components or profiles|
    JP2019552232A| JP2020511341A|2017-03-20|2018-03-13|Method and apparatus for manufacturing components or profiles|
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